Publications in February 2017 - Chitosan based implants

343 articles about chitosan were published in February 2017. Main topics address chitosan in connection to nanoparticles, tissues and in evaluation studies. Top countries in chitosan research were China (57), India (29) and USA (21).

Top Journals	Publications
International journal of biological macromolecules	35
Carbohydrate polymers	34
Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications	10
ACS applied materials & interfaces	7
Journal of controlled release	5

Table: Journals who published the highest number of chitosan-related articles in February 2017. Source: GoPubMed

The Application of chitosan to improve implants is a promising approach. Here we present studies, which report beneficial effects of chitosan for multifunctional coatings in dental medicine and for orthopedic surgery.

Chitosan-Recombinamer Layer-by-Layer Coatings for Multifunctional Implants

Govindharajulu J. P., Chen X., Li Y. et al.; International journal of molecular science, 18 (2), Februar 2017. doi: 10.3390/ijms18020369

Formation of biofilms and inadequate bone formation around the implant are common complications for dental implants. In this study, Chitosan (deacetylation ≥75%, MW >310,000 g/mol) and P-HAP (MW 32 kDa) bi-layers were applied on a titanium surface by layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique. The osseo-inductive recombinant elastin-like biopolymer (P-HAP) contains a statherin-derived peptide and showed Induction of biomineralization and osteoblast differentiation.

RESULTS:

• Successful LbL coating at pH 4.5 was confirmed by AFM (atomic force microscopy) and spectroscopy
• Chitosan/P-HAP bi-layers properties:
  • Increased biomineralization
  • Non-cytotoxic for mouse pre-osteoblasic cells
  • Significant anti-bacterial activity against gram positive Streptococcus gordonii

Conclusion: Chitosan/P-HAP bi-layers were successfully established on titanium surface by LbL assembly technique. The coating was biocompatible, anti-bacterial and induced biomineralization. Therefore, chitosan-modified surfaces could hinder biofilm formation through anti-bacterial activity against primary colonizers.

Free fulltext available: Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28208793

Development and characterization of a bioglass/chitosan composite as an injectable bone substitute

Khoshakhlagh P., Rabiee S.M., Kiaee G. et al.; Carbohydrate Polymers, 157:1261-1271, February 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.11.003.

Induction of native bone tissue regeneration by biomaterials is of great interest after orthopedic and reconstructive surgeries. An international group of authors from USA, Camada, Iram and Australia developed and characterized a composite of chitosan and SiO₂-CaO-P₂O₅ based bioglass (CnB). Composites with 50 or 70wt% chitosan (MW 10 kDa, degree of deacetylation 85%) and pure bioglass were tested for their injectability and osteogenic potential in vitro and in vivo.

RESULTS:

• Apatite formation after one week of incubation in simulated body fluid (SBF)
• Positive effect on bone regeneration in the rat spinal fusion model
• CnBs with higher bioglass amount showed better osteoconductivity
• Low Chitosan proportion reduced injectability

Conclusion: The chitosan/bioglass composites promoted bone formation and, therefore, offer an injectable and minimal invasive bone substitute. Beneficial properties of chitosan, like biocompatibility, osteoconductivity and promotion of wound healing, can be utilized in this way for reconstructive surgeries.

Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27987831